The trafficking of TLR9 in JIMT-1 CD44-/CD24- non-CIC population showed a similar pattern as ArLa non-CIC: The receptor was found in the ER and at low levels in endosomes in non-infected cells (Fig. 5A) and upon infection TLR9 was upregulated and trafficked from the ER to the endosomes (Fig. 5 B and C). Here, CD44 is linked to infection.