These HHBV are involved in numerous functions associated with oncogenesis, and through screening and mapping the HHCC, we found that about half of the HHBV were also hepatocellular carcinoma-associated proteins such as IL6, STAT3[23], MMP9, TGFB1 [24] and TP53 [25]. Here, TP53 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.