Indeed, this increase in UCP3 gene expression suggests that there was mitochondrialuncoupling in TB mice since increased levels of UCPs lower the mitochondrial membranepotential (55) and thus greatlyreduce the amount of ROS in mitochondria (56,57), a major site of ROSproduction in the cell (58,59), especially in conditionscharacterized by high TNFα levels (60), such as cancer. Here, UCP3 is linked to tuberculosis.