In the Sardinian study, comparing 835 relapsing MS patients with 592 controls, carriage of the DPB1*03:01 allele was associated with increased risk of MS (OR 1.30, ) after conditioning on an associated microsatellite in the class I region and on presence or absence of five DRB1–DQB1 risk haplotypes (three of which include DRB1*15:01, DRB1*03:01 and DRB1*13:03). The gene discussed is HLA-DRB1; the disease is myeloid sarcoma.