DDIT3 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: To determine whether CHOP contributes to the β-cell failure associated with type 2 diabetes, we analysed the effect of Chop deletion in three different models of murine type 2 diabetes: (i) heterozygous Ser51Ala eIF2α mutant mice fed a high-fat diet; (ii) high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ)-treated mice and (iii) db/db leptin receptor-null mice [77].