IFNG and tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome: Intravesical BCG therapy is an effective treatment for NMI bladder TCC.[3] BCG mechanism is not defined well; but many theories have been proposed.[3, 20] One of the important mechanisms of BCG in NMI TCC is inhibition of neovascularization, which is mediated through several factors.[21, 22] Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) are among the factors that are increased after BCG therapy.