A recent in vitro study demonstrated an inhibition of the expression of PPAR γ in human osteoarthritic cartilage and its downregulation by IL-1β  via a mechanism involving activation of MAPKs (p38 and JNK) and NFκB signalling pathways, suggesting that upregulation of PPAR γ might be beneficial in the context of preventing osteoarthritis [43]. This evidence concerns the gene MAPK8 and osteoarthritis.