The purpose of this study is to review available data on prostate cancer biomarkers for prostate cancer screening and prognostication, including prostatic acid phosphatase, PSA, PSA derivatives (PSA density, free PSA, pro PSA, and PSA kinetics), PCA3, GSTP1, AMACR, and other newly emerging molecular and genetic markers. This evidence concerns the gene PCA3 and Familial prostate cancer.