A common hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases (Cleveland, 1999; Julien and Beaulieu, 2000), including the hereditary axonal neuropathies (Bomont et al., 2000; Lupski, 2000; Mersiyanova et al., 2000), is disorganization of the NF network with impairment of axonal transport. The gene discussed is NFASC; the disease is axonal neuropathy.