Data from the Starting Antiretroviral Therapy at Three Points in Tuberculosis (SAPiT) trial provided empiric evidence for integration of HIV and TB care, with a reduction in all-cause mortality of 56% among co-infected patients with CD4+ counts< 500 that integrated HIV and TB treatment compared to those that deferred ART initiation until after TB treatment was complete. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is tuberculosis.