Two separate alleles of imd, imd1 and the null allele imd10191, as well as mutants lacking the NF-κB homologue Relish showed significantly increased sensitivity to infections with the U112 strain; in contrast, mutants in the Toll pathway components Dif1 and dMyD88C03881 showed no significant difference compared to wild type (Figure 4A (imd alleles only, relish data not shown) and Figure S1). This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and infection.