Long-term effects of dyslipidemia may be of importance for progression of diabetic retinopathy, as shown by Barile et al.[46], who demonstrated accelerated signs of diabetic retinopathy in hyperglycemic-hyperlipidemic ApoE−/− db/db mice at 6 months of age compared to hyperglycemic-normolipidemic mice. Here, APOE is linked to metabolic syndrome.