VEGFA and macular retinal edema: Animal studies have reported the reversal and prevention of retinal neovascularization in rabbits with intravitreal bevacizumab.22 However, bevacizumab did not entirely prevent or reverse vascular dilatation and tortuosity.22 The authors suggested that the amount of VEGF required for initiation of neovascularization may be lower than that required for the breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier.22 These findings are consistent with the poor therapeutic response to intravitreal bevacizumab in cases of macular edema that we report here.