DUSP1 and candidiasis: However, in two separate oral biopsies with Candida infection, there was a distinctly visible increase in both MKP1 and c-Fos expression (Figures 7E and 7F; dark-brown staining), demonstrating that MKP1 and c-Fos constitute part of the oral epithelial response to Candida hyphal invasion during human infection in vivo.