Moreover, we show that NADPH oxidase inhibition via the gp91ds-tat NOX2 inhibitor is neuroprotective of hippocampus CA1 pyramidal cells at 7 d after ischemia/reperfusion, further confirming the importance of NADPH oxidase in neuronal cell death in the hippocampus after global cerebral ischemia. This evidence concerns the gene CYBB and ischemia.