Whereas alterations in glial and/or serum S100B levels may be indicative of participation of glial cells in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, it is not known whether the increased serum S100B levels are indicative of the participation of the protein in the pathogenesis/pathophysiology of schizophrenia and what the role of (intracellular and/or extracellular) S100B in this psychiatric disorder might be. This evidence concerns the gene S100B and psychiatric disorder.