Ralhan has shown that anti-p53 antibodies were found in 60% sera from patients with ESCC[5], and Shimada has reported that anti-p53 antibodies were found in 40% sera from patients with ESCC and surveillance of serum p53-Abs was superior to CEA, SCC-Ag and CYFRA21-1 [6]. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.