After membrane binding by Pam3CSK4 the exposed cationic SK4 sequence could subsequently interact with negatively charged structures on the membrane of virus or cell, and result in infection enhancement similar to what has been described for other cationic agents such as DEAE-dextran, polybrene or semen-derived enhancer of viral infection (SEVI) [37], [38], [43]. Here, KCNN4 is linked to infection.