WASL and infection: KC12/pEspFU and the control strain EPECΔtir/pHA-TirEPEC, which generates pedestals using the Nck-N-WASP-dependent pathway [13], [36], [37], both formed pedestals efficiently on wild type cells: after infection for 3h, >95% of Tir foci were associated with pedestals, while at 5h this level reached >98% (Figure 3D).