INS and overnutrition: Our study shows that acute exercise per se did not evoke any meaningful effect, in terms of food intake in lean animals, but interestingly, it was crucial for suppressing hyperphagia mediated by overnutrition, reducing hypothalamic IKKβ/NF-κB activation and ER stress, thus improving insulin and leptin action in an IL-6- and IL-10-dependent manner (Figure 9).