Mutation analysis of DNA obtained from patients affected with congenital cataracts (27) and aniridia with or without cataracts (6) identified two novel variants in FOXE3. One of these variants, p.X320SerextX72, apparently represents a causative mutation responsible for a phenotype of dominant congenital cataract, while the other variant, p.Tyr191_Pro193dup, is of unknown significance. This evidence concerns the gene FOXE3 and aniridia.