PKC and MRCK were also demonstrated to phosphorylate ERM at these sites, and the contribution of Rho-kinase to ERM phosphorylation is thought to depend on the cell type and situation, such as in smooth muscle cells upon static pressure [Onoue et al., 2008], in hippocampal neurons upon glutamate stimulation [Jeon et al., 2002], in T cells from systemic lupus erythematosus patients [Li et al., 2007], and in Jurkat cells upon Fas ligand stimulation [Hebert et al., 2008]. This evidence concerns the gene ETV5 and systemic lupus erythematosus.