Tumour-suppressor genes VHL, RASSF1, and FHIT are downregulated in NSCLC (Zochbauer-Muller et al, 2002; Hayes et al, 2006), which are implicated in the ubiquitin ligase system (Karhausen et al, 2005), cell-cycle regulation (Dammann et al, 2000), and apoptosis (Ji et al, 1999), respectively. This evidence concerns the gene VHL and neoplasm.