The breast cancer predisposition genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been reported to increase the risk of PrCa by three-fold and seven-fold, respectively, in male mutation carriers ascertained through a family history of breast cancer (Ford et al, 1994; Struewing et al, 1997; Breast Cancer Linkage Consortium, 1999). The gene discussed is BRCA1; the disease is breast cancer.