Risk factors associated with increased risk of anemia were: WBC <4,000 cells/mm3 OR 9.7 (IC95% 1.9-19.2; p = 0.07), platelets <200,000 cells/mm3 OR 3.5 (IC95% 1.2-6.4; p = 0.23), CD4+ cells count <200 cells/mm3 OR 8.8 (IC95% 5.3-15.8; p = 0.01) and HIV RNA viral Load >100,000 copies/ml OR 7.5 (IC95% 2.7-14.5; p = 0.01). This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and anemia.