Given that up-regulation of the PDI family in dopaminergic neurons might contribute to formation of LBs [100], and that the formation of LBs may act to delay the initiation of neuronal death and slow progression in sporadic PD, the members of the PDI family identified in the study might expand the defensive role for chaperone proteins in the development of PSI-induced inclusions. The gene discussed is P4HB; the disease is Parkinson disease.