PMAIP1 and metabolic syndrome: The largest PPA for a SNP associated with the metabolic syndrome as defined by the IDF [1] was 0.08 (p = 6.8×10−6) at rs12957347, about 180 kb upstream from gene PMAIP1 (phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein) for which no associations have previously been reported [5], and 288 kb downstream from MC4R (Melanocortin 4 Receptor).