PHOSPHO1 and scoliosis: Both levo- and dextroscoliosis can be seen in Phospho1−/− mice, but detailed examination of the vertebrae by μCT ruled out the presence of obvious morphologic vertebral abnormalities (hemivertebrae or fused vertebrae), indicating that the scoliosis, as well as the bowing of long bones, is likely caused by muscular forces acting on the malleable hypomineralized matrix of the Phospho1−/− mice.(38,39)