Preclinical studies suggested synergistic effects upon combined EGFR and mTOR pathway inhibition in non-SCLC and breast (Buck et al, 2006), squamous cell carcinoma (Jimeno et al, 2007), glioblastoma (Wang et al, 2006), colon (Bianco et al, 2008), pancreatic cancer (Azzariti et al, 2008) and biliary tract cancer (Herberger et al, 2009). Here, MTOR is linked to biliary tract cancer.