In fact, a recent meta-analysis, which analyzed all randomized controlled trials and open studies on sustained GH treatment in adults with CHF in the absence of GHD, contained in the Medline, Biosis and EMBASE databases from their inception to June 2005, confirms that there is a close relationship between change in IGF-1 concentration and GH effects [219]. This evidence concerns the gene GH1 and congestive heart failure.