VHL and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: 14q contains functionally diversified genes, critical to a few important and well-studied pathways, such as HIF1α (14q21-q24, [44]) and EGLN3(PHD3, 14q13.1, [45]), both of which were shown to be disrupted in ccRCC tumors, due to the disrupted VHL gene functions.