PPARA and colitis: For example, administration of PPARα (bezafibrate) and PPARγ (troglitazone) ligands reduced dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis and cell proliferation in colonic mucosa [19], PPARα ligand fenofibrate decreased expression levels of pro-inflammatory Ifng and Il17 genes in Il10−/− mice [20], PPARγ ligand rosiglitazone delayed colitis onset in Il10−/− mice [7], and fenofibrate prevented the progression of autoimmune myocarditis in rats through increased cardiac Il10 mRNA levels [44].