Over the past decade, numerous studies have reported a positive correlation between S100B levels in blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and impaired neurological function following traumatic brain injury (TBI) [1], intracerebral hemorrhage [2], stroke [3], perinatal brain damage [4], septic encephalopathy [5], bacterial meningitis [5], or even in major depression [6], and extracranial injuries [7]. This evidence concerns the gene S100B and brain injury.