Based on individual plasma samples from 68 stroke cases occurring during the first year following randomization in the hormone therapy trials, and from 1-1 matched controls, ELISA evaluation yielded IGFBP4 concentrations that were 16.6% higher (P = 0.005) in cases versus controls (geometric mean of log-ratios of 1.166 with 95% CI of 1.050 to 1.295). The gene discussed is IGFBP4; the disease is stroke disorder.