IGFBP4 and Stroke: A 20% increase in IGFBP4, as is consistent with the effects of E-alone and E+P on IGFBP4, projects an odds ratio (95% CI) of 1.40 (1.06, 1.85) in these analyses, suggesting that this marker could contribute importantly to a mechanistic explanation for the approximate 40% higher incidence of stroke among E-alone and E+P users in the WHI randomized trial [3,4].