In the mutant insulin expressing cell line the most highly induced gene after 48 h was Trib3. Recently, the TRIB3 protein has been shown to be induced by the PERK-ATF4-CHOP pathway and has been implicated in mediating apoptosis [18,19] and in hyperglycemia-induced pancreatic β-cell death [44]. This evidence concerns the gene ATF4 and Hyperglycemia.