MAPT and Alzheimer disease: Alzheimer disease (AD), in particular, appears to involve the eventual and progressive dysfunction of neuronal mitochondria; such mitochondrial aberration in fact seems to elicit the hallmark pathologies of the disease, notably amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and hyperphosphorylated microtubule-associated protein tau in the form of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and ultimately seems responsible for the characteristic neurodegeneration found in AD [5].