Notably, when considering the highest Mcm5 signal per patient, prostate cancer patients with a low PSA level (<5 ng ml–1; n=26) had a median Mcm5 signal of 3170 (IQR 2152–5887) and associated sensitivity of 81% (CI=61–93%), equivalent to prostate cancer patients with high PSA values (>15 ng ml–1; n=30) who had a median Mcm5 signal of 4065 (IQR 2450–5337) and associated sensitivity of 83% (CI=65–94% P=0.88). This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and Familial prostate cancer.