In addition, given the high frequency of VHL mutations in CCRCC, angiogenesis may be much more dependent on VEGF signalling than in prostate cancer, in which multiple redundant pathways have been implicated (Gravdal et al, 2006; Kim et al, 2006; Bergers and Hanahan, 2008; Yang et al, 2008). Here, VHL is linked to prostate cancer.