Further studies are warranted to examine the impact of TWIST1 and other factors related to mesenchymal change in normal GBM cells of origin (neural stem and progenitor cells) or in cells at early stages of gliomagenesis to better define how alterations in E-cadherin or other cell-cell adhesion molecules impact the acquisition of an invasive malignant phenotype. The gene discussed is CDH1; the disease is glioblastoma.