Using bacterial and fungal infection models (HeLa-229 cells, NHEKs), we were able to link this HIF-1 activation with increased oxygen consumption [via (i) pimonidazole staining, (ii) direct quantification of oxygen partial pressure in cell culture supernatants and (iii) by overcoming cellular hypoxia using gas-permeable cell culture dishes, see Fig. 2, 3, 7] and strongly arguing for a role of PHD-2 and against transcriptional HIF-1 induction (excluded by quantification of HIF-1α mRNA, see Fig. 4, Fig. S2). The gene discussed is SETD2; the disease is fungal infectious disease.