For example, virus-specific Gag CD8+ T cell responses restricted by HLA-B*57, HLA-B*5801 and HLA-B*27 are associated with low viral loads or slow disease progression in HIV infection (Kiepiela et al., 2007; Klein et al., 1998; Migueles and Connors, 2001; Novitsky et al., 2003) while Mamu-A*01 and Mamu-B*17 restricted responses are associated with control in SIV infection of rhesus macaques (Chung et al., 2007; Loffredo et al., 2007; Maness et al., 2008; Migueles et al., 2003). This evidence concerns the gene HLA-B and HIV infectious disease.