Interestingly, our results showed 13 differentially expressed ncRNA transcripts in CD34+ cells of MDS-RARS patients for which there was a simultaneous change in expression of the protein-coding gene in the corresponding locus: for 7 of them both the ncRNA and the protein-coding gene were simultaneously down-regulated in MDS-RARS, 5 were up-regulated, and in one gene locus the TIN ncRNA was up-regulated whereas the protein-coding gene was down-regulated. Here, RARS1 is linked to myelodysplastic syndrome.