AKT1 and prostate cancer: To determine whether PTEN and subsequent perturbation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway would play a significant role in sulforaphane-mediated effects on prostate carcinogenesis, we initially studied the human prostate cancer cell line PC3, which has a PTEN deletion, and found that it is more sensitive to growth inhibition by SF than the PNT1A cell line that has wild type PTEN expression.