VEGFA and neoplasm: Besides these, other mediators, such as, erythropoietin, angiotensin -II, endothelins, urotensin, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, neuropeptide Y, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and substance P were found to stimulate angiogenesis, whereas, somatostatin, ghrelin, and natriuretic peptides were found to inhibit it.[9] Of the long list of growth factors involved in the angiogenic process, VEGF, FGF-2, and angiopoietin-1 are considered to be the most important mediators of tumor angiogenesis.