Although key components found in the marrow, such as TNF-α, SDF-1, IGF-1, IL-6, BAFF, and APRIL, are involved in MM pathogenesis, we did not find evidence that these factors were necessary for BMSC-induced, bortezomib-resistant NF-κB activity in MM cells. Here, CXCL12 is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.