For example, BMSC production of matrix proteins and factors such as fibronectin [6], insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) [7], stromal derived factor 1 alpha (SDF-1) [8], tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), B cell activating factor family (BAFF), and a proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL) [5] have all been shown to promote MM cell proliferation and resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Here, CXCL12 is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.