Since FLS, monocytes and Th1 cells play important roles in the pathogenesis of RA, the enhanced production of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and chemokines for macrophages and Th1 cells of RA-FLS induced by IL-27, TNF-α and IL-1β should contribute to the development of inflammation. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.