Tp53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancer (Steele and Lane, 2005), and in SCCHN, mutation of p53 and, moreover, the type of p53 mutation (nonsense or disruptive missense vs non-disruptive missense) have been shown to be associated with reduced overall survival for surgically treated patients (Poeta et al, 2007). The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is cancer.