Interestingly, while the human-specific pathogen enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) induced nucleolin relocation into the cytoplasm of HeLa cells, two other closely-related strains RDEC-1 (rabbit-specific EPEC) and Citrobacter rodentium (mouse-specific; Cr) did not (Figure 6Aa&b) even after very long infection times. Here, NUCLEOLIN is linked to infection.