HDAC9 and HIV-1 infection: Various strategies such as T-cell activation including IL-7, [16], [17], Amphotericin B [60], PKC activating phorbol ester derivatives such as prostratin and plant derived products like Jatrophane diterpene SJ23B [61], [62] and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors such as SAHA and Valproic acid [36], [37], [63] and 5HN (via oxidative stress and NF-κB independent pathway) [7] have been shown to reactivate latent HIV-1 infection.