NES and ischemic stroke: In the current study, although only a relatively lower percentage of implanted cells were positive for neuron surface makers, including nestin and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP-2), on flow cytometric analysis following 14 days of culturing, both pathological finding (TTC staining) and corner test demonstrated that intra-venous administration of ADMSCs into ischemic stroke animals significantly reduced brain IA and remarkably improved the recovery of neurological function in this study compared to animals with ischemic stroke treated by saline injection alone.